Research Reports
The Position of Korean Agriculture in the World
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AuthorShim, Minhui
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Publication Date2013.12.30
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Original
The purpose of this study is to expand and systemize statistical indexes to find the status of Korean agriculture in the world stage. In order to systemize international agricultural statistics, we classified them into 5 categories, which are aggregate index, production factor index, production index, trade index, and consumption index. According to this study, Korea's position in world agriculture is as follows.
The agricultural GDP of Korea in 2011 was 27.2 billion U.S. dollars, an increase from the previous year. The share of agriculture in total GDP increased by 2.7% in 2011. In the case of agricultural subsidies, the share decreased to 5.6% in 2012 from 5.7% in 2011, which is lower than those of the United States(6.8%) and Japan(13.1%).
The world's farm population was 26.2 hundred million in 2012, and Korea's farm population was 291 million. In the meantime, the world's cultivated area in 2011 was 1,553 million ha, and Korea's cultivated land dropped by 1.7 million ha, or 17.0% of total land. The cultivated land per farmer is 0.6 ha, which is similar to the world average of 0.6 ha. The total cultivated land for organic farming was 19,312 ha in 2011, or 1.04% of total cultivated land.
In terms of supply by product, world rice production in 2012 was 720 million tons, and 50% of the total supply amount was produced in China, India. In Korea, 6.4 million tons of rice were produced in 2012. In the case of pepper, the supply amount in 2011 fell to 29.6 million tons(0.9% of world production, 13rd rank in Korea), a 1.4% increase from the previous year. Garlic saw an increase of 5.2% to 23.8million tons(1.2% of world production, 4rd rank in Korea). As for apples, production increased by 7.9% to 75.5 million tons(0.5% of world production in Korea). As for pears, 24 million tons were produced, which is 5.5% larger than previous year(1.2% of world production, 11th rank in Korea). In the case of livestock products, beef production stood at 62.8 million tons in 2011 and pork production increased 2.7% to 110.3 million tons.
The world export amount of agricultural and livestock products in 2011 was 1,314 billion dollars. It increased by 21.7% from the previous year. The United States(10.6%) was the largest exporter of agricultural and livestock products, followed by the Netherlands(6.8%), Germany(6.1%) and Brazil(6.1%). Korea's agricultural exports increased 11.7% to 4.3 billion dollars. The world's agricultural and livestock imports posted 1,351 billion dollars, an increase of 22.4% from the previous year.
The China' share of world agricultural imports is 9.5%, which is larger than U.S.(7.9%), Germany(7.0%) and Japan(5.1%). Korea's agricultural imports increased to 23.1 billion dollars, a 23.1% increase from the previous year.
In terms of quantity of food supply among consumer-related indexes, the two largest suppliers of rice in 2009 were China(29.4%) and India(23.2%). Their supply amount of 531.6 million tons of rice accounted for more than a half of world production. Meanwhile, Korea supplied 5.84 million tons(1.1%) of rice, and Japan accounted for 1.9%(10.2million tons) of world supply. The world supplied 63.1 million tons of apples. China, the largest supplier of apples, supplied 22.2 million tons(35.1%). In the case of pork, 105.5 million tons were supplied globally, and China took up the largest share(50.2 million tons, 47.6%). Pork production in Korea was 1.4 million tons, or 1.3% of world supply.
In country section we cover agricultural and primary macroeconomic indexes of Korea, United States, Canada, and Brazil. Agricultural budget of Korea(2012) has increased by 2.7% compared with the previous year. The budget also had been increased in United States and Australia. Products section shows production, planted areas, import and export conditions of 10 products which have chosen by main trade products in Korea.
Researchers: Min Hui Shim, Sang Hyen Chai, Do Hwan Jang
Research period: 2013. 9. - 2013. 12.
E-mail address: min2727@krei.re.kr, csh0331@krei.re.kr, zzangdh@krei.re.kr
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